The actual solar cells are made of silicon semiconductors that absorb sunlight and then convert it into electricity. Photovoltaic cells are connected electrically, and neatly organised into a. Most panels on the market are made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline, or thin film ("amorphous”) silicon. Most homeowners save around $60,000 over 25 years Solar panels are usually. When light shines on a photovoltaic (PV) cell – also called a solar cell – that light may be reflected, absorbed, or pass right through the cell. crystalline silicon solar cells - including highly efficient monocrystalline ones.